Justifying means for typewriters and other machines



J1me 1940- E. N. ROBINSON. JR, El AL JUSTIFYING MEANS FOR TYPEWRITERS AND OTHER MACHI Filed July 28, 1936 NES 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 4, 1940. E. N. ROBINSON. JR, El AL 2,202,869

JUSTIFYING MEANS FOR TYPEWRITERS AND OTHER MACHINES Filed July 28, 1936 5' Sheets-Sheet 2 .IIIUIIIIII I24 14 MM INVENTORS BY M a, I

A TTORNEY June 1940- E. N. ROBINSON. JR. ET AL 2,

JUSTIFYING MEANS "FOR TYPEWRITERS AND OTHER MACHINES June 1940- E. N. ROBINSON. JR. ET AL 2,202,869

JUSTIFYING MEANS FOR TYPEWRITERS AND OTHER MACHINES Filed July 28, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 J1me .1940. 'E. N. ROBINSON. JR, ET AL 2,202,869

JUSTIFYING MEANS FOR TYPEWRITERS AND OTHER MACHINES Filed July 28, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IBB INVENTOR} BYm M ATTORNEY Patented June 4, 1940 UNITED i STATES PATENT OFFICE meme MEANS FOR TYlEWRITERS AND OTHER MACHINE Application July 28, 1936, Serial No. 92,978

32 Claims.

Our invention relates to improvements in justifying means for typewriters and other machines, which may be either built into the entire machine or constructed as shown as a simple attachment therefor.

While we are aware that others have at-- tempted to vary the spaces between words in a line on recopying of typewritten matter to justify the right-hand margin, so far as we are aware none of these have gone into general use on typewriters.

We believe we are the first to provide a justifying means for typewriters and like machines in which the power for moving the platen supplemental amounts between words to justify is given by the operator'striking at least one word space key means and for this purpose we provide supplemental means actuated by the operator striking the word space key to cause supplemental movement of the carriage for justifying purposes and preferably so construct said suppler'nental means that its functioning will not interfere with the standard escapement controlled drive means mechanism, or the return movement of the carriage. The supplemental movement imparted by the supplemental means may be transmitted through .the escapement mechanism to the carriage, but in our preferred embodiments is preferably transmitted directly to the carriage entirely independently of the main escapement controlled drive mechanism.

One or more supplemental space keys may, if desired, be provided for actuating said supplemental drive means, but in our preferred embodiment we preferably provide a composite unitary word space key preferably so adjusted that it will trip the escapement controlled mechanism to permit the usual main carriage drive on initial movement thereof and on a further adjustable movement thereof will advance the carriage supplemental adjustable amounts in each line for accurate justification.

In the operation of our device, an initial copy is usually first made, and as the operator in re- ,copying comes to each line, he glances at the right-hand margin and observes the number of spaces failing to justify. He then counts the number of word spaces in this particular line,

for the operator to strike both the usual word space key and the supplemental word space key, but if a unitary word space key be employed, as in our preferred embodiment, it will merely be necessary for the operator to strike the single unitary word space key.

Further features of our invention relate to improvements in the specific structure of the justifying means, which is preferably provided with clutch means to permit the usual main drive movement of the carriage and the usual return movement thereof and is alsopreferably constructed to step up, or amplify, the leverage transmitted from the fingers of the operator to the carriage.

A further feature of our invention relates to improvements in the setting mechanism and includes the provision of means to set the justifying means for different sizes of type, by merely changing the cover of the setting mechanism.

In our preferred embodiment we preferably provide a supplemental carriage and drive the supplemental carriage by the usual escapement controlled main drive mechanism. ,We also mount the main carriage on the supplemental carriage so that the supplemental justifying,

means may move the main carriage relative to the supplemental carriage for the purposes ofaccurate justification, and it is thus apparent being free to idle during this return movement, a

the clutch being normally released for this purpose. In our preferred embodiments, we obtain the increased leverage for supplementally moving the carriage not only by means of he leverage for mounting the space key means, ut also by means of a power amplifying worm.

Ifthe typewriter should be provided with mimeograph stencil cutting means, it is obvious that the operator can go 'from initial copy right intocutting the mimeograph stencil having justified lines without making an ,intermediate copy. I

It is also apparent that if our improved justifying means be employedwith a typewriter capable of variable letter spacing, it will be capable of furnishing typewritten copies analogous in appearance to printed matter, which may be used, if desired, for the purpose of making lithographs thereof, thereby dispensing with the necessity of setting up type for this purpose, and thus enabling the provision of copies simulative of printed matter without employing the expensive type composition methods or machines now generally used for this purpose.

These and such other objects of our invention as may hereinafter appear will be best understood from a description of the accompanying drawings, which illustrate various embodiments thereof.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a standard make of typewriter having an embodiment of our invention attached thereto arranged to function with a unitary .word space key.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the embodiment of our invention shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an' enlarged front elevation of our improved setting mechanism housing with the cover therefor removed.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the cover for the setting mechanism housing removed from the housing shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken through the setting mechanism along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 and showing the device in inoperative zero position.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view similar to Fig. 5 showing the supplemental means at substantially the completion of an adjusted stroke of the word space key.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic front elevation of the unitary type of word space key we preferably employ in idling or zero position.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic front elevation of the parts of our invention shown in Fig. 7 substantially at the completion of an operating strokethereof.

Fig. 9 is a plan view generally similar to Fig. 1 of a different embodiment of our invention employing a supplemental word space key.

Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the embodiment of our invention shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic front view of the supplemental drive means and setting mechanism for the embodiment of our invention shown in Figs. 9 and 10 with portions of the housing cover being broken away to show the interior parts thereof.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the pin means we preferably employ as the setting means of our invention.

Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view taken through the supplemental means and setting mechanism housing along the line l3|3 of Fig. 11 and showing parts thereof in substantially idle position.

Fig. 14 is a cross sectional view similar to Fig. 13 showing the parts thereof in the substantially half-way position they,assume on actuation of the supplemental space key.

Fig. 15 is a cross sectional view of the parts shown in Figs. 13 and 14 from the opposite side" thereof along the line 15-45 of Fig. 11 showing said parts in the positions they assume substantially at the end of a set stroke of the supplemental word space key.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of a still further embodiment of our invention in which the supplemental means functions to'give the carriage .ad-

ditive movements through the escapement mechanism.

Fig. 17 is a front elevation generally, similar to Fig. 11 of the supplemental means andsetting mechanism employed in the embodiment shown in Fig. 16, portions of the cover thereof being broken away to show the interior parts in elevation and showing an alternative embodiment of a housing cover which may be employed.

In the drawings, wherein like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout, 20 generally indicates a standard type of typewriter to which our invention may be conveniently attached. We have shown in Figs. 1-8 one embodiment of our invention, in Figs. 9-15 another embodiment of our invention and in Figs. 16 and 17 a third embodiment of our invention. Many parts referred to herein are standard elements of typewriters and in addition many parts of my actual invention are present in all three forms. For this reason, in general, the same elements for performing the same functions inall three embodiments, whether elements of a standard typewriter, or common elements of our invention, have the same numerals for all different embodiments and in general where the elements of our invention difier in a minor degree, analogous parts in the two modifications have been primed when referring to the embodiments shown in Figs. 9-15 and double primed when referring to the embodiment shown in. Figs. 16 and 17. Where different parts have been employed in the two modifications, these have been given separate reference characters. Throughout the specification whenever we have referred to a part in general where the part performs a definite function we have referred to this part by the numeral given to it in the drawings it being understood that reference to a part in this manner also includes the modifications of the part shown in the different figures and primed as stated above. Primed numerals are used only in the specification where reference is made to a. part performing a specific function in one of the modifications.

Said typewriter includes the usual typewriter frame 22 and the usual carriage 24 laterally movable on said frame and normally carrying the rotatable platen 26 for carrying the paper against which the types actuated by the type keys 28 strike. The carriage 24 of a typewriter of this type usually has a toothed rack 30 carried thereby and spring means 32 having one end thereof attached to said carriage 24, however in my preferred embodiment to the'supplemental carriage 64, and the other end thereof attached to the spring means mounted on said frame 22 for advancing said carriage. escapement mechanism 34 is also preferably provided to control a pinion 36.to permit movement of said rack 30 by the spring 32 even amounts to provide uniform movement of the platen for uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys 28'. Said typewriter is also provided with a standard type of word space key bar 38. Said bar 38 is usually mounted on space bar arms 40 projecting forwardly from the space bar rocker shaft 42, which is mounted in suitable bearings in each end of the frame. The space bar rocker arm 44 projects rearwardly from said space bar rocker shaft 42 andhas a collar 46 on the front end thereof mounted on said shaft 42 and provided with a set screw 48 for relative adjustment thereof on said shaft 42. The escapement 34 is provided with two pin pawls 50 to control the move- A standard type of imparted to the carriage by the spring 32. The

type bars actuate the escapement '34 to move the movement of said carriage 24 for accurate justi- I pin pawls 50 through the medium of a universal bar 54. The escapement 34 also has a lever 55 projecting downwardly therefrom adapted to be raised by the space bar rocker arm 44 to actuate the escapement on depression of said word space key means 38 to in turn actuate the pin pawls 50 to control the movement of the star wheel 52. It is thus obvious that as usual on actuation of the type keys 28, thetype levers through the medium of the universal bar 54 will actuate the escapement 34 to move the pin pawls 50 relative to the star wheel 52 to permit the spring 32 to advance the carriage 24 uniform standard type spacing amounts and that on actuation of the word space key means 38 the space bar rocker arm 44 will actuate the arm 58 to similarly actuate the escapement 34 to move the pin pawls 50 to permit an equal movement of the star wheel 52 for uniform word spacing of similar length to the uniform type spacing through the same escapement 34 on normal actuation of the space key 38. While we have described and shown an Underwood typewriter, it is apparent that in all standard types of machines the equivalents of the parts hitherto described are employed.

As stated hitherto, our invention includes broadly the transmission of work and movement from the depression of word space keys to do the actual work of moving the carriage 24 supplemental amounts for justiflcation, and we provide supplemental means 58 for transmitting movement of the word space keys preferably directly to the carriage 24 to cause supplemental fication, and said supplemental means 58 includes the justifying device 68,] for control of said movement, so constructed as to function to supplementally move the carriage 24 without interfering with its main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement-heretofore described or the return movement of said carriage. In said supplemental motion transmitting 111 ns 58, we preferably interpose a setting device 60 and a clutch 62. Said setting device 50 comprises means for adjusting the movement of the word space key to vary the movement imparted by said supplemental means 58 suflicient to adjust the spaces between words by amounts requisite for accurate justification. The supplemental motion transmitting means 58 is preferably so constructed as to impart the motion of the space key to the carriage with amplified leverage.

We have shown in the drawings three different embodiments of supplemental means 58 for this purpose. Figs. 1-8 illustrate our preferred embodiment employing a unitary word space key. Figs. 9-15 illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the usual escapement is employed for giving the standard word spacing on actuation of the main word space key 38 and a supplemental word space key 58' is also employed, the movement of which may be adjustably controlled. and the motion of which is transmitted directly to the carriage 24 to impart the supplemental amount of movement thereto for accurate justification. In both the first and second embodiments of our invention, we provide the supplemental carriage 64 and mount the rack 30 for receiving motion from the star wheel 52 through the pinion 36 on the supplemental carriage 84. and we mount the main carriage 24 on said supplemental carriage- 54 to be movable laterally relative thereto and we impart this relative lateral movement directly to the carriage 24 for the purpose of accurate justiflcation through the medium of the'supplemental means 58 controlled by movement of the supplemental word space key 66 and as the medium of amplifying the leverage in said motion v transmitting means 58, we provide aworm 58 rotatably mounted on said supplemental carriage 64 and laterally slidably keyed to a grooved shaft 18 extending in front of said carriage 24, said worm being provided with'a helical groove I2 for laterally moving a finger I4 projecting forwardly from the main carriage 24.

The front end of the carria e 24 is supported by the supplemental carriage 4 and particularly by the point of the finger .14 thereof fitting into thegroove 12 of the worm 68. The grooved shaft 18 is mounted on suitable brackets I54 projecting forwardly from the frame.

Suitable bars I52 are provided to project laterally from the main carriage 24 to be laterally slidable through suitable holes in the ends of the supplemental carriage forthe additional support of said main carriage.

The setting mechanism 60 is suitably mounted on an extension shaft 15 of the same grooved shaft 10 as shown in Figs. l-8, or if desired, as shown in Fig. 11, a shaft 18' corresponding to shaft 15, shaft 15' being a vertically mounted shaft having a bevel gear 18' on the upper end thereof engaging a bevel gear 89' on the grooved shaft I8 for imparting motion thereto. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-8, the supplemental space key 66 is so joined to the main space key 38 as to function as a unit in combination therewith. It is apparent that in each embodiment shown in Figs. 1-15, the supplemental means 58 functions to transmit its movement directly to the carriage 24 and in association with the clutch 52 entirely independently of themain escapement controlled drive mechanism. ,In the embodiments of our invention shown in Figs. l-l5, the end of the spring means 32 is attached to the supplemental carriage 84 as at 55 instead of to by the supplemental carriage 64 as explained,-

and while receiving its lateral movement, the

worm 68 slides along the grooved shaft 10 while the usual escapement controlled movement is transmitted as just explained to the supplemental carriage 64 and hence to the'main carriage 24 supported thereby.

We have shown'in Figs. 16 and 17, however, an embodiment of our invention in which the carriage 24" is mounted as usual directly on the frame 22 and in which the escapement 34 is mounted on a laterally'slidable support I9, which in turn is moved laterally by the supplemental means 56" actuated by the supplemental word space key 68" adjustable amounts for accurate justification.

While two word space keys 38 and 68' or 66" may be employed as in the embodiment shown in Figs. 9-1'7, we prefer the embodiment shown in- Figs. 1-8 in which the keys are combined to" function as a unit on one stroke byrthe operator.

In the embodiments shown in Figs. l-15, the worm .88 is provided with a hollow core for mounting on said shaft 18 and has a pin or key The point of the finger 14 substantially fills up the groove I2 to provide positive actuation of the carriage 24 without back lash in either direction and the groove 12 is of such a pitch, preferably around 45", as to notonly be readily reversible for the return movement of the carriage 24, but also of a relatively slow pitch to provide the amplified leverage for the transmission of the movement of the supplemental means 58 from the word space key means to the carriage 24. The supplemental carriage 64 is provided with the brackets 84 projecting forwardly therefrom for mounting of the worm therebetween and to confine the ends of the worm to cause it to move over the grooved shaft I0 simultaneously therewith. Suitable stop means 86 are provided on the carriage 24 to function in association with cooperating stop means 88 on the supplemental carriage 64 to return said supplemental carriage 64 and worm 68 to initial position on-lateral return movement of said carriage 24, in the preferred embodiment shown comprising a lug 06 projecting forwardly from the carriage 24 into a laterally extending channel 88 in the front portion of the supplemental carriage 64 of a total width sufiicient to permit the total desired advancement of the main carriage 24 relative to the supplemental carriage 64 and it is obvious that as the carriage 24 is movedto its returnposition by the operator that the stop lug 86 thereon abutting the edge of the groove 86 will simultaneously function to move the supplemental carriage 64 and worm 68 to their initial starting position, the worm 68 rotating freely to permit the finger I4 to move it to its relative zero position.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the escapement support "I9 is laterally slidably mounted on the slideway and a rack 92 is also laterally slidably mounted on a supplemental slideway 94 in alignment therewith joined to said support I9 by means of the connecting rod 96, both of said aligned slideways 90 and 94 being located near the rear of the frame substantially below the escapement, and either the space bar rocker arm 44 or the escapement lever 56 being made of sufficient width to permit the desired relative movement, the spring 30 readily providing the slight extra necessary movement desired. In addition, in place of employing the universal bar 54 to be contacted by the type keys to actuate the escapement, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that a straight bar for this purpose, as employed on a Remington Noiseless machine, or its equivalent should be employed. In this embodiment, the shaft 10" projects forwardly from said rack 92 and has a pinion 98 at the rear end thereof in mesh with said rack 92. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the other portions of the motion transmitting means 58" including the setting device 60" and the clutch 62" are generally similar to those shown in the other embodiments and which will now be described.

In each embodiment shown, the setting device 60 and releasable clutch 62 are mounted in the housing I00 including the extension 16, or shaft 16' or 16" corresponding thereto heretofore referred to. As stated hitherto, a releasable clutch 62 is provided, which is normally disengaged during all the main drive mechanism movements and zero return movements, but which only becomes engaged when a word space key 66 is moved. While any suitable type of clutch means may be provided for this purpose, we preferably construct it as follows in all embodiments. As stated hitherto, the extension shaft I6, I6 or 16" is suitably mounted in bearings in the opposite ends of a generally rectangular shaped housing I00. A relatively large gear I02 is rigidly mounted on said shaft near the inner end thereof in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-8, and on the upper end thereof as shown in the other embodiments. Inasmuch as the setting mechanism and clutch mechanism are substantially the same for all embodiments, despite what relative positions they may assume, we will first describe these mechanisms as shown in Figs. 1-8 and then state in' what respects the mechanisms shown in the other embodiments differ. We also loosely mount suitable bracket means I04 on said shaft, preferably comprising a U-shaped bracket I04 having collars on each U-leg thereof for receiving said shaft 16 and a U-base straddling said large gear I02. The outer ends of said U-legs are provided with suitable holes for receiving a stub shaft I08 mounting the pinion 0 which meshes with said large gear I02 and relatively rotatable circumferentially thereover on relative rotation of said bracket I 04 relative to the large gear I02. We loosely independently mount a sleeve II2 around shaft I6. Said sleeve is preferably provided with fin means II4 projecting radially therefrom in a plane passing through the axis of the sleeve and extending substantially the length of said sleeve through said housing in the preferred embodiment comprising the continuous fin I I4. We also provide arm means I I6 projecting integrally from said sleeve provided with projection II8 projecting axially therefrom adapted, on relative movement of said arm means and sleeve relative to said bracket I 04, to engage in a tooth of said pinion IIO. Further rotative movement of said arm means and sleeve about shaft 16 causes said pinion to tend to rotate circumferentially on said large gear, but due to pinion being locked and having the teeth thereof in mesh with said gear teeth causes rotative movement of said large gear I 02 and shaft I6. Suitable ,means are provided to pivot said arm II6 on depression of said supplemental space key 66, in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-8, said means comprising an extension I20 from said arm II 6 having the connecting link I22 actuated by the space key'arm I24 on depression of the space key 66 to cause relative movement of said arm II6 on said shaft I6. Said arm H6 is also provided with a circumferential slot I26 adapted to receive a projection I 28 projecting laterally from said bracket means I04. Suitable stop means I30 are provided adapted to abut said bracket I04 as it returns to zero position to insure disengagement of the projection H8 from the pinion IIO as it nears its zero posi-- tion. We also provide a helical spring means I 32 having one end thereof mounted in the housing wall, the body thereof surrounding the shaft I6 and the other end thereof abutting the fin means II4 to normally urge said sleeve l I 2, arm I I6 and projection II8 to zero position out of engagement with said pinion IIO, the end of the slot I26 in said arm II6 abutting said projection I28 to simultaneously drag and return the bracket I04 to zero position, the pinion IIO then free of the pawl H8 and thus free to freely rotate over the large gear I02 being carried with it. It is apparent that as said projection I28 from said bracket I04 nears its zero position said bracket I 04 will abut the stop means I30 to permit said spring means I32 to return said sleeve, arm and projection II8 to zero position substantially at the end of the zero return movement of the arm II4 to continuously insure independent rotation of said large gear shaft "I6 and pinion IIO on re turn of the carriage 24. We also provide spring means I34 mounted on the arm 6 to resiliently continuously abut said projection I28 to move said bracket I04 relative to said arm II6 to cause immediate registration of said projection H8 in said pinion M0 on movement of the arm H6 from zero position.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 9-17, the arm 6' or .I I6" is provided with an extension I36 or I36" on which the supplemental space key means 68' or 66" is mounted.

We also provide a substantially quadrantshaped cover I38 for said housing I00 having sets I40 of pin receiving hole setting means I42 thereon. The holes I42 in each set I40 are circumferentially aligned relative to the shaft I6 and are each individually spaced from each other equal amounts proportionate to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify and the size of type employed. Said sets I40 are spaced from each other axially of said shaft I6 and each-set successively comprises fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify. We have found out in practice that a line rarely fails to justify by more than five spaces and thus each set I40 is divided into five holes corresponding to the desired numerators or the number of blank letter spaces by which the line fails to justify, and each set from right to left comprises the desired denominators or the word spaces in the line to which the desired fractions of the blank letter space may be added. We have found.

in practice that practically all lines contain from six to sixteen word spaces, and in most normal lines it is necessary to make up only five blank letter spaces. Thus the first set I 40 comprises six word spaces in the line and to make up the 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 blank letter spaces needed to justify in said word spaces, it is necessary to add a fraction of a word space to each normal word space. Thus if it is only desired to add one space, it will be necessary to add one-sixth of a space to each word space in a line and that the lower left hand pin hole I42 be employed. Thus in the first set I40 we provide holes at and respectively to make upthe desired number of word spaces at the end of the line and so on for successive fractions in each set.

We also provide pin means I44 having a point I46 detachably insertable within a selected hole I42 to abut the fin means II4 to limit the extent of the possible pivotal movement of the supplemental space key 66 on each actuation thereof to add the proper amounts for proper justification. Supposing there were 16 word spaces in a line, the set I40 at the right would therefore mp /16 346. /16, A6 and %6- The setting, mechanism in the second embodiment shown in Figs. 9-15 is exactly analogous.v

We have found out in practice, however, that instead of adding spaces between each word, it might be possible to add the entire justification spaces between either two words or between a plurality of words substantially less than the total number of words in the'line. Thus we have shown in Fig. 17 one hole I42" only for each set I40" to add the fractions. Thus in the example shown, if there are up to five spaces to make up, the pin means I44 is inserted in the selected hole I42", the first hole in this instance being thirds and the supplemental space key 66 must be actuated three times in a line to make up three thirds or one blank letter space in the line automatic in a manner to be explained, to beactuated by one movement onlyof a single space key means.

As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the supplemental space key 66 is arranged to the right of the word space. key bar 38, and is provided with the connecting plunger I46 slidable laterally therein and having an end I48 laterally slidable to underlie the word space key bar 38 having the projection I50 adapted to be contacted by the word space key bar 38' after a definite downward movement thereof. In this instance the collar 46 on the space bar rocker arm 44 is adjusted to cause initial movement of the space key bar 38 to actuate the .space bar rocker arm 44 to lift the arm 56 to trip the escapement for the usual escapement controlled word spacing on the initial piv-- otal movement of the word space key bar 38. It is apparent that further lowering of the word space key bar 38 will cause it to abut the projection I50 to simultaneously lower after the predetermined movement for initially actuating the escapement, the supplemental space key means 66, which will then on further downward movement of said space key bar 38, through the arm I24, link I22 and extension I20-of the arm II6 cause rotative movement of the arm I I6 until the projection H8 is engaged within the pinion 0 when, on further movement of the arm II 6 it will cause the pinion IIO to positively engage the large gear I02 to rotate the shaft I6 until the fin means I I4 abuts the pin point I46 inserted in the arm II6 successively rotating until the fin means.

II4 contacts the pin end I46 to add such successive equal increments throughout the line on successive actuations of the space key 38. It is obvious that when pressure is removed from the space bar 38, the spring I63 mounted below the arm I24 will function to raise the arm I24 and link I22 and extension I20 of the arm I16, the spring I32 functioning on return movement of said arm to rotate the sleeve II2, arm H6 and bracket I04 after the projection I28 has struck the opposite end of said slot I26, carrying the pinion IIO to zero position. Just prior to the return of the bracket I 04 to zero position, the stop I30 will abut it and the spring I32 will then function to move the arm II 6 further, the projection I28 sliding in the slot I26 for this purpose and the projection 8' being lifted out of contact with the pinion IIO by the movement of the arm H6.

It is apparent that the embodiments of the invention shown in Figs. 9--17 function in similar fashion to the embodiment hitherto described. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 9-15, the supplemental space'key 66' as stated is mounted on the end of the arm IIB' to function in a suitable circumferential slot I 55' therefor in the cover I38 and thus functions entirely independently of the main space key 38 and the main escapement controlled drive mechanism, it being necessary to supplementally move the supplemental space key 66' for this purpose, in the embodiment shown in Figs. 9-15, after each striking of the word space key bar 38 for normal word spaces between each word in the line and also in the embodiment shown in Figs. 16 and 17 the desired number'of times in the line. While the shaft I0 and its extension 16 in the embodiment shown in Figs. 9-17 comprise two separate shafts I0 or 10" and IE or 16" meshing through the medium of the bevel gears I8 or 18" and 89" or 80" at right angles to each other, it is obvious that otherwise the setting mechanism or 60" and releasable clutch means 62' or 62" function in identical fashion to that explained for the embodiment shownin Figs. 1-8. If desired, in place of employing the connections between the supplemental space key 66 and main space key bar 38 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and 7 and 8, the arm II6 shown therein may be provided with the extension I36 or I36" for receiving the supplemental space key 66' or 66 thereon and it is also apparent that the embodiments shown in Figs. 9-17 may be similarly connected to function from one unitary composite space key.

As stated hitherto, if desired to change the size of the type in the typewriter, our improved attachment may be made to function in cooperation with said changed type on the typewriter by the mere substitution of another cover I38 having the holes I42 differently spaced thereon. .In all embodiments shown, the end of the shaft I0 may be provided with a knob I56 for rotating said shaft ID to move said worm 68 and connected carriage 24 backwards any amount for correction purposes. This knob I56 is particularly desirable to return the rack 92 and connected escapement support I9 and escapement to zero position when desired, in structures similar to that shown in Figs. 16 and 1'7. 7

While we have shown a setting device comprising sets of holes and pin means insertable within a selected hole, it is apparent that any type of setting device having a projection adapted to be selectively located to abut the fin means H4 on the desired movement thereof for accurate justification may be employed. It will be noted that the cover I38 is provided with a zero hole I39 near the lower end thereof and that when employing our improved invention for a line which justifies itself leaving no blank spaces at the end of the line, the pin means I44 must be inserted within said zero hole I 39 to prevent any movement of the supplemental means 58. When it is desired to use a tyewriter for ordinary unjustified typewriting, it is obvious that the plunger I46 may be withdrawn, removing the projection I50 free of the main space bar 38,. in which case the insertable stop I62 may be inserted underneath the main space bar 38 to limit the downward pivotal movement thereof just sufficient to actuate the escapement.

As stated hitherto, in place of the attachment for standard types of typewritersshown, our improved invention may be constructed as av unitary part of a standard typewriter. It is also obvious that various features thereof including the specific type of clutch and setting mechanism shown may be used in other machines. When used as a justifying attachment for standard types of typewriters, however, it is apparent that we have provided a construction which may readily be added thereto with slight changes therein quickly and at a relatively small cost.

It is apparent, therefore, that we have provideda novel type of justifying means for typewriters and other machines with the advantages set forth in detail above.

It is understood that our invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key means,- supplemental means for transmitting movement of said word space key means directly to said carriage to cause supplemental movement of the carriage without interfering with its main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said space key means to vary the movement imparted by said supplemental means to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification.

2. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, at least one word space key and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of a word space key, supplemental means for transmitting movement of said word space key to cause supplemental movement of the carriage without interfering with its. main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said last-mentioned word space key to vary the movement imparted by said supplemental means to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification.

3. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, a word space key and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of theword space key means, a supplemental word space key, means for transmitting a single movement of said supplemental word space key only between each word directly to said carriage to cause movement of the carriage without interfering with its main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key at the beginning of each line to vary the movement imparted by said single movement of said single supplemental space key by supplemental amounts to I provide uniform spaces between words for accurate justification of each line.

4. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, a word space key and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform .word spacing on actuation of the word space key, a supplemental word space key, means fortransmitting a single movement of said supplemental word space key only between each word to cause movement of the cafi'iage without interfering with its main escapement controlled 3 drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key means at the beginning of each line to vary the movement imparted by said single movement of said single supplemental space key by supplemental amounts v to provide uniform spaces between words for accurate justification of each line.

5. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, a single unitary word space key and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key, supplemental means for transmitting movement of said word nism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on initial actuation of the single unitary word space key, supplemental means for transmitting further movement of said word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage without interfering with its main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said single unitary word space key to vary the movement imparted by said supplemental means to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification.

7.'In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, pivotally mounted word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on initial actuation of the word space key means, supplemental means for transmitting further movement of said word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage normally permitting the main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement, clutch means actuated by said further movement of said space key means to engage said supplemental motion transmitting means to 1mpart compensating movement to said carriage to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification and means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key means.

8. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, at least one word space key and a uniformly operable escapement, controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniformtype spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of a word space key, supplemental means for transmitting movement of a word space key with amplified leverage to cause supplemental movement of the carriage without interfering with its main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said lastmentioned word space key to vary the movement imparted by said supplemental means to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification.

' 9. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, pivotally mounted primary word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on initial actuation of the word space key means, supplemental pivotally mounted word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said supplemental word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage, clutch means actuated by said movement of said supplemental space key means to engage said motion transmitting means to impart compensating movement to said carriage to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification, means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key means, and means to detachably connect said pivotally mounted supplemental word space key means to said pivotally mounted primary word space key means to cause further movement of said primary word space key means to actuate said supplemental word space key means.

10. In combination with atypewriter having a carriage, type keys, word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key means, supplemental means for transmitting movement of said word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage, clutch means actuated by said movement of said space key means to engage said supplemental motion transmitting means to impart compensating movement to said carriage to adjust'the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification and means for adjusting the movement of said space key means.

. 11. In combination with a typewriter having amovable platen carrying carriage, type key means and word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlledv main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of ,the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key means, means for transmitting ing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key, supplemental means for transmitting movement of a word space key to said carriage through said escapement controlled main drive mechanism to cause supplemental movement of the carriage without interfering with its main escapement controlled drive mechanism movement and zero return movement and means for adjusting the movement of said lastmentioned space key to vary the movement imparted by said supplemental means to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification.

13. In a typewriter having a movable platen carrying carriage, type key means and a word space key, a spring actuated feeding device actuated by movement of said type key means and word space key, a supplemental word space key, a justifying device actuated by movement of said supplemental word space key constructed to add to any desired number of the word spaces of a line the entire variation space for accurate justification, and a controller for regulating the movement of said supplemental space key to control the movement imparted to the justifying device whereby said space may be divided into any desired number of equal parts.

14. In a typewriter having a movable platen carrying carriage, type key means and at least one Word space key, a spring actuated feeding device actuated by movement of said type key means and a word space key, a justifying device actuated by movement of said word space key constructed to add to any desired number of the word spaces of a line the entire variation space for accurate justification, and a controller for regulating the movement of said last-mentioned word space key to control the movement imparted to the justifying device whereby said space may be divided into any desired number of equal parts.

15. In a typewriter, a frame, a platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame having a finger projecting therefrom, a laterally movable supplemental carriage having toothed means and spaced bracket means projecting therefrom, spring means attached to said frame and said supplemental carriage for advancing said supplemental carriage, an escapement mechanism for controlling the amount of movement of said supplemental carriage, type keys for actuating said,

escapement mechanism for imparting uniform motion to said toothed means, vertically movable word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said word space key means to actuate said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform word spacing motion to said toothed means, a rotary shaft mounted on said frame parallel to said toothed means having an axial groove therein, a hollow worm having pin means projecting inwardly thereof registering in said shaft groove to rotate therewith and to slide freely axially thereof mounted on said spaced bracket means against relative axial movement and having a helical groove on the periphery thereof for receiving said finger projecting from the main carriage to impart supplemental lateral movement to said carriage relative to said supplemental carriage on rotation of said worm, stop means on said carriage adapted to abut cooperating stop means on said supplemental carriage to return said supplemental carriage and worm to zero position on lateral return movement of saicLcarriage to zero position, means for transmitting and translating vertical movement of said word space key means to rotary movement of said grooved rotary shaft and releasable clutch means interposed in said motion transmitting and translating means permitting the usual. drive and zero return movements of the carriage, toothed means and worm, and

plemental carriage, an escapement mechanism 1 for controlling the amount of movement of said supplemental carriage, type keys for actuating said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform motion to said toothed means, vertically movable word space key means, means for transl mitting movement of said word space key means to actuate said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform word spacing motion to said toothed means, a rotary shaft mounted on said frame parallel to said toothed means having an axial groove therein, a hollow worm having pin means projecting inwardly thereof registering in said shaft groove to rotate therewith and to slide freely axially thereof mounted on said spaced bracket means against relative axial movement 25 and having a helical groove on the periphery thereof for receiving said finger projecting from the main carriage to impart supplemental lateral movement to said carriage relative to said supplemental carriage on rotation of said worm, stop means on said carriage adapted to abut cooperating stop means on said supplemental carriage to return said supplemental carriage and worm to zero position on lateral return movement of said carriage to zero position, means for transmitting and translating vertical movement of said word space key means to rotary movement of said grooved rotary shaft, and means for adjusting the movement of said word space key means.

17. In a typewriter, a frame, a platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame having a finger projecting therefrom, a laterally movable supplemental carriage having toothed means and spaced bracket means projecting therefrom, vertically movable word space key means, a rotary shaft mounted on said frame parallel to said toothed means having an axial groove therein, a hollow worm having pin means projecting inwardly thereof registering in said shaft groove to rotate therewith and to slide freely axially thereof mounted on said spaced bracket means against relative axial movement and having a helical groove on the periphery thereof for receiving said finger projecting from the main carriage to impart supplemental lateral movement to said carriage relative to said supplemental carriage on rotation of said worm, stop means on said carriage adapted to abut cooperating stop means on said supplemental carriage to return said supplemental carriage and worm to zero position on lateral return movement of said carriage to zero position, means for transmitting and translating vertical movement of said word space key means to 0 rotary movement of said grooved rotary shaft, releasable clutch means interposed in said motion transmitting and translating means permitting the usual drive and zero return movements of the carriage, toothed means and worm; and 7 means for adjusting'the movement of said word space key means.

18. In a typewriter, a frame, a platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame having a finger projecting therefrom, a later- 7 ally movable supplemental carriage having toothed means and spaced bracket means -pro-' jecting therefrom, vertically movable word space key means, a rotary shaft mounted on said frame parallel to said toothed means having an axial groove therein, a hollow worm having pin means projecting inwardly thereof registering in said shaft groove to rotate therewith and to slide freely axially thereof mounted on said spaced bracket means against relative axial movement and having a helical groove on the periphery thereof for receiving said finger projecting from the main carriage to impart supplemental lateral movement to said carriage relative to said sup:

19. In a typewriter, a frame, a main platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame, a laterally movable toothed supplemental carriage mounted on said frame, an escapement mechanism for actuating said movable toothed carriage, type keys for actuating said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform motion to said toothed carriage, word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said" word space key means to actuate said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform word spacing motion to said toothed carriage, a housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in the walls of said housing, a substantially quadrant shaped cover for said housing having sets of pin receiving hole setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify and type employed, said sets being spaced from each other axially of said-shaft and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces ,needed to justify, a relatively large gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, bracket means loosely mounted on said shaft, a pinion mounted on said bracket means in mesh with said large gear capable of circumferential movement thereover on relative movement of said bracket means, a sleeve independently loosely mounted on said shaft having aligned fin means projecting radially therefrom longitudinally thereof, and arm means also projecting integrally therefrom actuated by said word space key means, said bracket means and means moves saidpawl from said pinion sub stantially-at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means to permit independent rotation of said large gear'shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting on said projection to move said bracket means relatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position, means to transmit and translate rotative movement of said shaft into lateral movement of said supplemental carriage, said supplemental carriage being connected to said main carriage to permit uniform forward movement thereof on actuation of said escapement mechanism and zero return movement thereof, and pin means adapted to be mounted in a selected hole to abut said fin means to vary the movement of said shaft.

20. In a typewriter, a frame, a main platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame,

a laterally movable toothed supplemental carriage mounted on said frame, an escapement mechanism for actuating said movable toothed carriage, type keys for actuating said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform motion to said toothed carriage, word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said Word space key means to actuate said escapement mechanism for imparting uniform word spacing motion to said toothed carriage, a housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in the walls of said housing, a substantially quadrant shaped cover for said housing having sets of setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify and type employed, said sets being spaced from each other axially of said shaft and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify, a relatively large gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, bracket means loosely mounted on said shaft, a pinion mounted on said bracket means in mesh with said large gear capable of circumferential movement thereover on relative movement of said bracket means, a sleeve independently loosely mounted on said shaft having aligned fin means projecting radially therefrom longitudinally thereof, and arm means also projecting integrally therefrom actuated by said word space' key means, said bracket means and arm means having a projection from one of said means projecting axially into a circumferential slot in the other, said arm means having pawl means projecting axially therefrom movable from zero position into a pinion tooth on relative movement of said arm means to cause rotative movement of said shaft, spring means normally urging said sleeve, arm means and pawl to zero position, and stop means projecting from said housing to abut said projection to insure that said spring means moves said pawl from said pinion substantially at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means tov permit independent rotation of said large gear shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting on said projection to move said bracket meansrelatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position, means to transmit and translate rotative movement of said shaft into lateral movement of said supplemental carriage, said supplemental carriage being connected to said main carriage to permit uniform forward movement thereof on actuation of said escapement mechanism and zero return movement thereof. I

21. In a typewriter, a frame, a main platen car-.

' rying carriage laterally movable on said frame,

a laterally movable supplemental carriage mounted on said frame, word space key means, a housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in said housing, a substantially quadrant shaped cover for said housing having sets of pin receiving hole setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify, said sets being spaced from each other axially of said shaft and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify, a relatively large gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, bracket means loosely mounted on said shaft, a pinion mounted on said bracket means in mesh with said large gear capable of circumferential movement thereover on relative movement of said bracket means, a sleeve independently loose- 1y mounted on said shaft having aligned fin means projecting radially therefrom longitudinally thereof, and arm means also projecting integrally therefrom actuated by said word space key means, said bracket means and arm means having a projection from one of said means projecting axially into a circumferential slot in the other, said arm means having pawl means projecting axially therefrom movable from zero position into a pinion tooth on relative movement of said arm means to cause rotative movement of said shaft, spring means normally urging said sleeve, arm means and pawl to zero position, and stop means projecting from said housing to abut said projection to insure that said spring means moves said pawl from' said pinion substantially at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means to permit independent rotation of said large gear shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting on said projection to move said bracket means relatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position, means to transmit and translate rotative movement of said shaft into lateral movement of said supplemental carriage, said supplemental carriage being connected to said carriage to permit forward movement thereof and zero return movement thereof, and pin means adapted to be mounted in a selected hole to abut said fin means to vary the movement of said shaft.

22. In a typewriter, a frame, a main platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame, a laterally movable supplemental carriage mounted on said frame, word space key means, a housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in the walls of saidhousing, a substantially quadrant shaped cover for said housing having sets of setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify, said sets being spaced from each other axially of said shaft and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify, a relatively large gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, bracket means loosely mounted on said shaft, a pinion mounted on said bracket means in mesh with said large gear capable of circumferential movement thereover on relative movement of said bracket means, a sleeve independently loosely mounted on said shaft having aligned fin means projecting radially therefrom longitudinally thereof, and arm means also projecting integrally therefrom actuated by said word space key means, said bracket means and arm means having a projection from one of said means projecting axially into a circumferential slot in aaoaaco the other, said arm means having pawl means projecting axially therefrom movable from zero position into a pinion tooth on relative movement of said arm means to cause rotative movement of said shaft, spring means normally urging said sleeve, arm means and pawl to zero position, and stop means projecting from said housing to abut said projection to insure that said spring means moves said pawl from said pinion substantially at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means to permit independent rotation of said large gear shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting on said projection to move said bracket means relatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position, means to transmit and translate rotative movement of said shaft into lateral movement of said supplemental carriage, said supplemental carriage being connected to said carriage to permit uniform forward movement thereof on actuation of said escapement mechanism and zero return movement thereof.

23. In a typewriter, a frame, a main platen carrying carriage laterally movable on said frame, a laterally movable supplemental carriage mounted on said frame, word space key means, a housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in the walls of said housing, a substantially quadrant shaped cover for said housing having setting means thereon spaced from each other axially of said shaft, a relatively large gearrigidly mounted on said shaft, bracket means loosely mounted on said shaft, a pinion mounted on said bracket means in mesh with said large gear capable of circumferential movement thereover on relative movement of said bracket means, a sleeve independently loosely mounted on said shaft having aligned fin means projecting radially therefrom longitudinally thereof, and arm means also projecting integrally therefrom actuated by said word space key means, said bracket means and arm means having a projection from one of said means projecting axiallyinto a circumferential slot in the other, said arm means having pawl means projecting axially therefrom movable from zero position into a pinion tooth on relative movement of said arm means to cause rota;- tive movement of said shaft, spring means normally urging said sleeve, arm means and pawl to zero position, and stop means projecting from said housing to abut said projection to insure that said spring means moves said pawl from said pinion substantially at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means to permit inde-- pendent rotation of said large gear shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting on said projection to move said bracket means relatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position, means to transmit and translate rotative movement of said shaft into lateral movement of said supplemental carriage, said supplemental carriage being connected to said carriage to permit uniform forward movement thereof on actuation of said escapement mechanism and zero return movement thereof.

24. A substantially quarter cylindrical housing cover having sets of pin receiving hole setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and circumferentially equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify and type employed, said sets being axially spaced from each other and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify.

25. A substantially quarter cylindrical housing cover having sets of setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and circumferentially equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify and type employed, said sets being axially spaced from each other and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify.

26. A substantially quarter cylindrical housing cover having sets of setting means thereon, said setting means in each set being circumferentially aligned and circumferentially equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify, said sets being axially spaced from each other and each successively comprising fractions-of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify.

27. A housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in the walls of said housing, a substantially quadrant t shaped cover for said housing having sets of pin receiving hole setting means thereon, said setting means in each-set being circumferentially aligned and equally spaced in proportion to successive integral fractions of spaces needed to justify and type employed, said sets being spaced from each other axially of said shaft and each successively comprising fractions of successive numbers of spaces needed to justify, a relatively large gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, bracket means loosely mounted on said shaft, a pinion mounted on said bracket means in mesh with said large gear capable of circumferential movement thereover on relative movement of said bracket means, a sleeve independently loosely mounted on said shaft having aligned fin means projecting radially therefrom longitudinally thereof, and arm means also projecting integrally therefrom, said bracket means and arm means having a projection from one of said means projecting axially into a circumferential slot in the other, said arm means having pawl means projecting axially therefrom movable from zero position into a pinion tooth on relative movement of said arm means to cause rotative movement of said shaft, spring means normally urging said sleeve, arm means and pawl to zero position, and stop means projecting from said housing to abut said projection to insure that said spring means moves said 'pawl from said pinion substantially at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means to permit independent rotation of said large gear shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting on said projection to move said bracket means relatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position.

28. A housing, a shaft revolvably mounted in the walls of said housing, a substantially quadrant shaped cover for said housing having setting means thereon spaced from each other axiallyprojecting integrally therefrom, said bracket means and arm means having/a projection from one of said means projecting axially into a circumferential slot in the other, said arm means having pawl means projecting axially therefrom movable from zero position into a pinion tooth on relative movement of said arm means to cause rotative movement of said shaft, spring means normally urging said sleeve, arm means and pawl to zero position, and stop means projecting from said housing to abut said projection to insure that said spring means moves said pawl from said pinion substantially at the end of the zero return movement of said arm means to permit independent rotation of said large gear shaft and pinion on zero return of said shaft, and spring means also acting onrsaid projection to move said bracket means relatively to said arm means to cause immediate registration of said pawl in said pinion on movement of said arm means from zero position.

29. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, primary word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key means, supplemental word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said supplemental word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage, clutch means actuated by said movement of said supplemental space key means to engage said motion transmitting means to impart compensating movement to said carriage to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification, means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key means, and means to detachably connect said supplemental word space key means to said primary word space key means to cause supplemental movement of said primary word space key means to actuate said supplemental word space key means.

30. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, primary word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key means, supplemental word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said supplemental word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage, clutch means actuated by said movement I" of said supplemental space key means to engage said motion transmitting means to impart compensating movement to said carriage to adjust the spaces between words by supplemental amounts for accurate justification, means for ad- I justing the movement of said supplemental space key means, and means to detachably connect said supplemental word space key means to said primary word space key means to cause movement of said primary word space key means to actuate sad supplemental word space key means.

- 31. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, primary word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled maindrive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on actuation of the word space key means, supplemental word space ,key means, means for transmitting movement of said supplemental word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage, means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key means, and means to detachably connect said supplemental word space key means to said primary word space key means to cause movement of said primary word space key means to actuate said supplemental word space key means. I

32. In combination with a typewriter having a carriage, type keys, pivotally mounted primary word space key means and a uniformly operable escapement controlled main drive mechanism for said carriage providing uniform type spacing on actuation of the type keys and uniform word spacing on initial actuation of the word space key means, supplemental pivotally mounted word space key means, means for transmitting movement of said supplemental word space key means to cause supplemental movement of the carriage, means for adjusting the movement of said supplemental space key means, and means to detachably connect said pivotally mounted supplemental word space key means to said pivotally mounted primary word space key means to cause further movement of said primary word space key means to actuate said supplemental word space key means.

EDWARD N. ROBINSON, JR. HENRY W. KRUKAU. 

